What does the term "asylum seeker" refer to?

The term "asylum seeker" specifically refers to a person who is seeking international protection from persecution in their home country. This can include threats of violence, persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political beliefs, or membership in a particular social group. An asylum seeker has made a formal application for asylum, and while their application is being processed, they are often seeking safety and security in another country.

The other options describe different situations that do not capture the essence of what it means to be an asylum seeker. For instance, someone wanting to travel abroad does not necessarily imply a need for protection, and those applying for temporary residency are typically looking for a different legal status that does not involve the aspects of fleeing persecution. Furthermore, a person who has been denied refugee status has not been granted the protections they sought and does not qualify as an asylum seeker, as they are no longer in the process of seeking that status. The unique situation of asylum seekers lies in their immediate need for protection due to dangers in their home countries, making option B the clear and accurate definition.