What is the "Dominion" status in relation to Canada?

The term "Dominion" in relation to Canada refers to its status as a self-governing entity within the British Empire. This designation emerged with the Confederation in 1867 when Canada was unified as a federation of provinces under the British North America Act. While Canada had its own government and control over domestic affairs, it remained constitutionally tied to Britain, particularly in matters of foreign policy and defense.

By granting Canada the title of "Dominion," Britain recognized its autonomy while still holding a connection to the British Empire. This arrangement allowed Canada greater powers of self-governance compared to a colony, which typically had less control over its affairs and was more directly governed by British officials. The "Dominion" status was an important step towards full independence, culminating in later legislative changes and the patriation of the Constitution in 1982, which established Canada’s complete sovereignty.

This context highlights how "Dominion" overlays the balance of self-governance and British oversight, making it distinct from mere independence or being a colony.