What role did British Imperial policy play in the Confederation?

The correct answer highlights how British Imperial policy actively encouraged the unification of colonies in Canada as a means to create a stronger defense mechanism against external threats, particularly the possibility of American expansion. During the 1860s, there was significant concern within Britain and among the Canadian colonies about the potential for invasion or annexation by the United States.

British leaders believed that a united Canada would be more capable of defending itself compared to a collection of individual colonies that could be easily overrun. Thus, the idea of Confederation was primarily seen as a way to enhance security and military strength. This impetus from British policy was pivotal in persuading the colonies to come together, leading to the historic meeting in Charlottetown and ultimately to the Confederation of Canada in 1867.

The other options do not accurately represent the implications of British policy during this period. Rather than discouraging unification or promoting individual governance, British authorities were supportive of Confederation as a strategic solution to the vulnerabilities faced by the separate colonies. Immediate independence was not aligned with British policy at the time, as Britain wished to maintain some level of control and influence over its North American territories during this transitional phase.